Per beam waveform selection

ABSTRACT

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive, from a base station, control signaling configuring the UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a first beam and a second waveform for communicating via a second beam, the first waveform being different than the second waveform. The UE may communicate a first data transmission via the first beam using the first waveform and communicate a second data transmission via the second beam using the second waveform.

CROSS REFERENCE

The present Application for Patent claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 62/882,319 by BAI et al., entitled“PER BEAM WAVEFORM SELECTION,” filed Aug. 2, 2019, assigned to theassignee hereof, and expressly incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND

The following relates generally to wireless communications, and morespecifically to per beam waveform selection.

Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide varioustypes of communication content such as voice, video, packet data,messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable ofsupporting communication with multiple users by sharing the availablesystem resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of suchmultiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such asLong Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, orLTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may bereferred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employtechnologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time divisionmultiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA),orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discreteFourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple-access communications system mayinclude a number of base stations or network access nodes, eachsimultaneously supporting communication for multiple communicationdevices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE).

A UE and a base station may communicate using beamformed transmissions.In some cases, the UE and the base station may communicate usingdifferent types of waveforms for data transmissions. Techniques forselecting a waveform for beamformed communications can be improved.

SUMMARY

The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices,and apparatuses that support per beam waveform selection. Generally, thedescribed techniques provide for a user equipment (UE) to communicateusing different waveforms for different beams based on channelcharacteristics of the beams. The UE and base station may supportbeamformed communications using one or more different types ofwaveforms, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM)waveforms and single carrier frequency division multiplexed (SC-FDM)waveforms. The efficient waveform for data transmissions may be based onchannel characteristics, such as whether the channel has frequencyselective fading. Therefore, whether data transmissions are made usingan SC-FDM waveform or an OFDM waveform may be based on characteristicsof the channel. Additionally, different beams of the base station mayhave different channel characteristics, such as delay spread andfrequency selectivity in fading. For example, beams with a directline-of-sight to the receiver may have flatter fading over a frequencyrange, where beams which are not line-of-sight may generally have morefrequency selective fading. Therefore, a UE and a base station maycommunicate data transmissions using different waveforms for differentbeams based on characteristics of the channel.

A method of wireless communications by a UE is described. The method mayinclude receiving, from a base station, control signaling configuringthe UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a first beam and asecond waveform for communicating via a second beam, the first waveformbeing different than the second waveform, communicating a first datatransmission via the first beam using the first waveform, andcommunicating a second data transmission via the second beam using thesecond waveform.

An apparatus for wireless communications by a UE is described. Theapparatus may include a processor, memory coupled with the processor,and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may beexecutable by the processor to cause the apparatus to receive, from abase station, control signaling configuring the UE to use a firstwaveform for communicating via a first beam and a second waveform forcommunicating via a second beam, the first waveform being different thanthe second waveform, communicate a first data transmission via the firstbeam using the first waveform, and communicate a second datatransmission via the second beam using the second waveform.

Another apparatus for wireless communications by a UE is described. Theapparatus may include means for receiving, from a base station, controlsignaling configuring the UE to use a first waveform for communicatingvia a first beam and a second waveform for communicating via a secondbeam, the first waveform being different than the second waveform,communicating a first data transmission via the first beam using thefirst waveform, and communicating a second data transmission via thesecond beam using the second waveform.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wirelesscommunications by a UE is described. The code may include instructionsexecutable by a processor to receive, from a base station, controlsignaling configuring the UE to use a first waveform for communicatingvia a first beam and a second waveform for communicating via a secondbeam, the first waveform being different than the second waveform,communicate a first data transmission via the first beam using the firstwaveform, and communicate a second data transmission via the second beamusing the second waveform.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for communicating using thefirst waveform via a first beam group including a first set of beams,and communicating using the second waveform via a second beam groupincluding a second set of beams.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from thebase station, a configuration for the first beam group and the secondbeam group.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, each beam associated with atransmission reception point (TRP) of the base station may be associatedwith either the first waveform and the first beam group or the secondwaveform and the second beam group.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, each beam associated with anantenna panel at the UE may be associated with either the first waveformand the first beam group or the second waveform and the second beamgroup.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, each beam associated with atransmission/reception spatial filter at the UE may be associated witheither the first waveform and the first beam group or the secondwaveform and the second beam group.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, receiving the controlsignaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions forreceiving the control signaling that indicates a first transmissionconfiguration indicator (TCI) state for the first beam and a second TCIstate for the second beam.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting feedbackinformation to the base station, where the control signaling may bereceived based on the feedback information.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the feedbackinformation may include operations, features, means, or instructions fortransmitting the feedback information that indicates a delay spreadmeasurement, a frequency selectivity per beam parameter, a UEcapability, a power amplifier capability, a waveform recommendation, orany combination thereof.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the control signaling may bedownlink control information, radio resource control signaling, a mediumaccess control (MAC) control element (CE), or any combination thereof.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, communicating the first datatransmission may include operations, features, means, or instructionsfor receiving, via a first antenna panel of the UE, the first datatransmission via the first beam using the first waveform, where thesecond data transmission may be received via a second antenna panel ofthe UE that differs from the first antenna panel.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the UE concurrentlycommunicates the first data transmission via the first beam and thesecond data transmission via the second beam.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the first waveform may be aorthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform or a single carrierfrequency division multiplexing waveform.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the second waveform may be aorthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform or a single carrierfrequency division multiplexing waveform.

A method of wireless communications by a base station is described. Themethod may include transmitting control signaling to configure a UE touse a first waveform for communicating via a first beam and a secondwaveform for communicating via a second beam, the first waveform beingdifferent than the second waveform, communicating a first datatransmission via the first beam using the first waveform, andcommunicating a second data transmission via the second beam using thesecond waveform.

An apparatus for wireless communications by a base station is described.The apparatus may include a processor, memory coupled with theprocessor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions maybe executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to transmitcontrol signaling to configure a UE to use a first waveform forcommunicating via a first beam and a second waveform for communicatingvia a second beam, the first waveform being different than the secondwaveform, communicate a first data transmission via the first beam usingthe first waveform, and communicate a second data transmission via thesecond beam using the second waveform.

Another apparatus for wireless communications by a base station isdescribed. The apparatus may include means for transmitting controlsignaling to configure a UE to use a first waveform for communicatingvia a first beam and a second waveform for communicating via a secondbeam, the first waveform being different than the second waveform,communicating a first data transmission via the first beam using thefirst waveform, and communicating a second data transmission via thesecond beam using the second waveform.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wirelesscommunications by a base station is described. The code may includeinstructions executable by a processor to transmit control signaling toconfigure a UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a firstbeam and a second waveform for communicating via a second beam, thefirst waveform being different than the second waveform, communicate afirst data transmission via the first beam using the first waveform, andcommunicate a second data transmission via the second beam using thesecond waveform.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for communicating using thefirst waveform via a first beam group including a first set of beams,and communicating using the second waveform via a second beam groupincluding a second set of beams.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, to theUE, a configuration for the first beam group and the second beam group.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, each beam associated with atransmission reception point (TRP) of the base station may be associatedwith either the first waveform and the first beam group or the secondwaveform and the second beam group.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, each beam associated with anantenna panel at the UE may be associated with either the first waveformand the first beam group or the second waveform and the second beamgroup.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, each beam associated with atransmission/reception spatial filter at the UE may be associated witheither the first waveform and the first beam group or the secondwaveform and the second beam group.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the controlsignaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions fortransmitting the control signaling that indicates a first transmissionconfiguration indicator (TCI) state for the first beam and a second TCIstate for the second beam.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the base station concurrentlycommunicates the first data transmission via the first beam and thesecond data transmission via the second beam.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for receiving feedbackinformation from the UE, where the control signaling may be transmittedbased on the feedback information.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, receiving the feedbackinformation may include operations, features, means, or instructions forreceiving the feedback information that indicates a delay spreadmeasurement, a frequency selectivity per beam parameter, a UEcapability, a power amplifier capability, a waveform recommendation, orany combination thereof.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the control signaling may bedownlink control information, radio resource control signaling, a mediumaccess control (MAC) control element (CE), or any combination thereof.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the first waveform may be aorthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform or a single carrierfrequency division multiplexing waveform.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the second waveform may be aorthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform or a single carrierfrequency division multiplexing waveform.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a system for wireless communicationsthat supports per beam waveform selection in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system inaccordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates examples of waveform generation in accordance withaspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a process flow in accordance withaspects of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show block diagrams of devices in accordance with aspectsof the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a communications manager in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system including a device in accordance withaspects of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show block diagrams of devices in accordance with aspectsof the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of a communications manager in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 shows a diagram of a system including a device in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 13 through 15 show flowcharts illustrating methods in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A user equipment (UE) and a base station may communicate usingbeamformed transmissions. For example, the base station maydirectionally communicate using one or more base station beams, and theUE may directionally communicate using one or more UE beams. In somecases, a base station beam and a UE beam may directionally point towardeach other and be paired together for communications. The UE may beconfigured with one or more beam pair links to communicate with the basestation. The wireless devices may communicate using one or moredifferent types of waveforms. For example, a wireless communicationssystem may support both orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM)waveforms and single carrier frequency division multiplexed (SC-FDM)waveforms for uplink transmissions from the UE.

In some wireless communications systems, a base station may generallytransmit using an OFDM waveform. However, for some higher frequency mmWbands, it may be beneficial to use an SC-FDM waveform for downlinkshared channel transmission. For example, a signal with an SC-FDMwaveform may be transmitted using a higher average transmit power thanan OFDM waveform at high frequencies. However, if the channel used totransmit the signal has frequency selective fading, some advantages ofthe SC-FDM waveform may be lost. Therefore, whether the base stationshould use an SC-FDM waveform or an OFDM waveform may be based oncharacteristics of the channel. Additionally, different beams of thebase station may have different channel characteristics, such as delayspread and frequency selectivity in fading. For example, a first beammay have a direct line-of-sight to the UE, resulting in flat fading overa frequency range, where a second beam may not have a directline-of-sight and may have frequency selective fading. Therefore, thebase station may use different waveforms for communications on differentbeams. For example, the base station, communicating with the UE, maytransmit a downlink shared channel signal on a first beam using anSC-FDM waveform and transmit a downlink shared channel signal on asecond beam using an OFDMA waveform. In some cases, the transmissions onthe first and second beams using the different waveforms may occur atthe same time, or both beams may be active and configured for thedifferent waveforms.

Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of awireless communications system. Aspects of the disclosure are furtherillustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams,system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to per beam waveformselection.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100that supports per beam waveform selection in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 includesbase stations 105, UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples,the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution(LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, ora New Radio (NR) network. In some cases, wireless communications system100 may support enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g.,mission critical) communications, low latency communications, orcommunications with low-cost and low-complexity devices.

Base stations 105 may wirelessly communicate with UEs 115 via one ormore base station antennas. Base stations 105 described herein mayinclude or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as a basetransceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radiotransceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB orgiga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB), a Home NodeB,a Home eNodeB, or some other suitable terminology. Wirelesscommunications system 100 may include base stations 105 of differenttypes (e.g., macro or small cell base stations). The UEs 115 describedherein may be able to communicate with various types of base stations105 and network equipment including macro eNBs, small cell eNBs, gNBs,relay base stations, and the like.

Each base station 105 may be associated with a particular geographiccoverage area 110 in which communications with various UEs 115 issupported. Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage fora respective geographic coverage area 110 via communication links 125,and communication links 125 between a base station 105 and a UE 115 mayutilize one or more carriers. Communication links 125 shown in wirelesscommunications system 100 may include uplink transmissions from a UE 115to a base station 105, or downlink transmissions from a base station 105to a UE 115. Downlink transmissions may also be called forward linktransmissions while uplink transmissions may also be called reverse linktransmissions.

The geographic coverage area 110 for a base station 105 may be dividedinto sectors making up a portion of the geographic coverage area 110,and each sector may be associated with a cell. For example, each basestation 105 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a smallcell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or various combinationsthereof. In some examples, a base station 105 may be movable andtherefore provide communication coverage for a moving geographiccoverage area 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas110 associated with different technologies may overlap, and overlappinggeographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies maybe supported by the same base station 105 or by different base stations105. The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, aheterogeneous LTE/LTE-A/LTE-A Pro or NR network in which different typesof base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverageareas 110.

The term “cell” refers to a logical communication entity used forcommunication with a base station 105 (e.g., over a carrier), and may beassociated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells(e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier(VCID)) operating via the same or a different carrier. In some examples,a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may beconfigured according to different protocol types (e.g., machine-typecommunication (MTC), narrowband Internet-of-Things (NB-IoT), enhancedmobile broadband (eMBB), or others) that may provide access fordifferent types of devices. In some cases, the term “cell” may refer toa portion of a geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) over whichthe logical entity operates.

UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the wireless communications system100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 115 may also bereferred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, ahandheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitableterminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, astation, a terminal, or a client. A UE 115 may also be a personalelectronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant(PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. Insome examples, a UE 115 may also refer to a wireless local loop (WLL)station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything(IoE) device, or an MTC device, or the like, which may be implemented invarious articles such as appliances, vehicles, meters, or the like.

Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low cost or lowcomplexity devices, and may provide for automated communication betweenmachines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication). M2Mcommunication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies thatallow devices to communicate with one another or a base station 105without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTCmay include communications from devices that integrate sensors or metersto measure or capture information and relay that information to acentral server or application program that can make use of theinformation or present the information to humans interacting with theprogram or application. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collectinformation or enable automated behavior of machines. Examples ofapplications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventorymonitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcaremonitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological eventmonitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing,physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.

Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reducepower consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode thatsupports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but nottransmission and reception simultaneously). In some examples half-duplexcommunications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other powerconservation techniques for UEs 115 include entering a power saving“deep sleep” mode when not engaging in active communications, oroperating over a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowbandcommunications). In some cases, UEs 115 may be designed to supportcritical functions (e.g., mission critical functions), and a wirelesscommunications system 100 may be configured to provide ultra-reliablecommunications for these functions.

In some cases, a UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly withother UEs 115 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or device-to-device(D2D) protocol). One or more of a group of UEs 115 utilizing D2Dcommunications may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of a basestation 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographiccoverage area 110 of a base station 105, or be otherwise unable toreceive transmissions from a base station 105. In some cases, groups ofUEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may utilize a one-to-many(1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in thegroup. In some cases, a base station 105 facilitates the scheduling ofresources for D2D communications. In other cases, D2D communications arecarried out between UEs 115 without the involvement of a base station105.

Base stations 105 may communicate with the core network 130 and with oneanother. For example, base stations 105 may interface with the corenetwork 130 through backhaul links 132 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, orother interface). Base stations 105 may communicate with one anotherover backhaul links 134 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or other interface) eitherdirectly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) or indirectly (e.g.,via core network 130).

The core network 130 may provide user authentication, accessauthorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and otheraccess, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be anevolved packet core (EPC), which may include at least one mobilitymanagement entity (MME), at least one serving gateway (S-GW), and atleast one Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW). The MME may managenon-access stratum (e.g., control plane) functions such as mobility,authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by basestations 105 associated with the EPC. User IP packets may be transferredthrough the S-GW, which itself may be connected to the P-GW. The P-GWmay provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The P-GWmay be connected to the network operators IP services. The operators IPservices may include access to the Internet, Intranet(s), an IPMultimedia Subsystem (IMS), or a Packet-Switched (PS) Streaming Service.

At least some of the network devices, such as a base station 105, mayinclude subcomponents such as an access network entity, which may be anexample of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entitymay communicate with UEs 115 through a number of other access networktransmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio head, a smartradio head, or a transmission/reception point (TRP). In someconfigurations, various functions of each access network entity or basestation 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g.,radio heads and access network controllers) or consolidated into asingle network device (e.g., a base station 105).

Wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or morefrequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known asthe ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band, since thewavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter inlength. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings andenvironmental features. However, the waves may penetrate structuressufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to UEs 115 locatedindoors. Transmission of UHF waves may be associated with smallerantennas and shorter range (e.g., less than 100 km) compared totransmission using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the highfrequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrumbelow 300 MHz.

Wireless communications system 100 may also operate in a super highfrequency (SHF) region using frequency bands from 3 GHz to 30 GHz, alsoknown as the centimeter band. The SHF region includes bands such as the5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands, which may be usedopportunistically by devices that may be capable of toleratinginterference from other users.

Wireless communications system 100 may also operate in an extremely highfrequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz),also known as the millimeter band. In some examples, wirelesscommunications system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW)communications between UEs 115 and base stations 105, and EHF antennasof the respective devices may be even smaller and more closely spacedthan UHF antennas. In some cases, this may facilitate use of antennaarrays within a UE 115. However, the propagation of EHF transmissionsmay be subject to even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter rangethan SHF or UHF transmissions. Techniques disclosed herein may beemployed across transmissions that use one or more different frequencyregions, and designated use of bands across these frequency regions maydiffer by country or regulating body.

In some cases, wireless communications system 100 may utilize bothlicensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example,wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access(LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technologyin an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz ISM band. When operating inunlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, wireless devices such as basestations 105 and UEs 115 may employ listen-before-talk (LBT) proceduresto ensure a frequency channel is clear before transmitting data. In somecases, operations in unlicensed bands may be based on a carrieraggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriersoperating in a licensed band (e.g., LAA). Operations in unlicensedspectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions,peer-to-peer transmissions, or a combination of these. Duplexing inunlicensed spectrum may be based on frequency division duplexing (FDD),time division duplexing (TDD), or a combination of both.

In some examples, base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped withmultiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such astransmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) communications, or beamforming. For example, wirelesscommunications system 100 may use a transmission scheme between atransmitting device (e.g., a base station 105) and a receiving device(e.g., a UE 115), where the transmitting device is equipped withmultiple antennas and the receiving device is equipped with one or moreantennas. MIMO communications may employ multipath signal propagation toincrease the spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiplesignals via different spatial layers, which may be referred to asspatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, betransmitted by the transmitting device via different antennas ordifferent combinations of antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals maybe received by the receiving device via different antennas or differentcombinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referredto as a separate spatial stream, and may carry bits associated with thesame data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams.Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna portsused for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques includesingle-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) where multiple spatial layers are transmittedto the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) wheremultiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering,directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signalprocessing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or areceiving device (e.g., a base station 105 or a UE 115) to shape orsteer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam or receive beam) along aspatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device.Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated viaantenna elements of an antenna array such that signals propagating atparticular orientations with respect to an antenna array experienceconstructive interference while others experience destructiveinterference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antennaelements may include a transmitting device or a receiving deviceapplying certain amplitude and phase offsets to signals carried via eachof the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustmentsassociated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by abeamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g.,with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device orreceiving device, or with respect to some other orientation).

In one example, a base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antennaarrays to conduct beamforming operations for directional communicationswith a UE 115. For instance, some signals (e.g. synchronization signals,reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) maybe transmitted by a base station 105 multiple times in differentdirections, which may include a signal being transmitted according todifferent beamforming weight sets associated with different directionsof transmission. Transmissions in different beam directions may be usedto identify (e.g., by the base station 105 or a receiving device, suchas a UE 115) a beam direction for subsequent transmission and/orreception by the base station 105.

Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particularreceiving device, may be transmitted by a base station 105 in a singlebeam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device,such as a UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated withtransmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based atleast in in part on a signal that was transmitted in different beamdirections. For example, a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signalstransmitted by the base station 105 in different directions, and the UE115 may report to the base station 105 an indication of the signal itreceived with a highest signal quality, or an otherwise acceptablesignal quality. Although these techniques are described with referenceto signals transmitted in one or more directions by a base station 105,a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multipletimes in different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam directionfor subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115), or transmittinga signal in a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to areceiving device).

A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115, which may be an example of a mmWreceiving device) may try multiple receive beams when receiving varioussignals from the base station 105, such as synchronization signals,reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. Forexample, a receiving device may try multiple receive directions byreceiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing receivedsignals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving accordingto different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals receivedat a plurality of antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processingreceived signals according to different receive beamforming weight setsapplied to signals received at a plurality of antenna elements of anantenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” accordingto different receive beams or receive directions. In some examples areceiving device may use a single receive beam to receive along a singlebeam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). The single receivebeam may be aligned in a beam direction determined based at least inpart on listening according to different receive beam directions (e.g.,a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highestsignal-to-noise ratio, or otherwise acceptable signal quality based atleast in part on listening according to multiple beam directions).

In some cases, the antennas of a base station 105 or UE 115 may belocated within one or more antenna arrays, which may support MIMOoperations, or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or morebase station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antennaassembly, such as an antenna tower. In some cases, antennas or antennaarrays associated with a base station 105 may be located in diversegeographic locations. A base station 105 may have an antenna array witha number of rows and columns of antenna ports that the base station 105may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115.Likewise, a UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that may supportvarious MIMO or beamforming operations.

In some cases, wireless communications system 100 may be a packet-basednetwork that operate according to a layered protocol stack. In the userplane, communications at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol(PDCP) layer may be IP-based. A Radio Link Control (RLC) layer mayperform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate over logicalchannels. A Medium Access Control (MAC) layer may perform priorityhandling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels.The MAC layer may also use hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) toprovide retransmission at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. Inthe control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer mayprovide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRCconnection between a UE 115 and a base station 105 or core network 130supporting radio bearers for user plane data. At the Physical layer,transport channels may be mapped to physical channels.

In some cases, UEs 115 and base stations 105 may support retransmissionsof data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully.HARQ feedback is one technique of increasing the likelihood that data isreceived correctly over a communication link 125. HARQ may include acombination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check(CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g.,automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ may improve throughput at the MAClayer in poor radio conditions (e.g., signal-to-noise conditions). Insome cases, a wireless device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, wherethe device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for datareceived in a previous symbol in the slot. In other cases, the devicemay provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to someother time interval.

Time intervals in LTE or NR may be expressed in multiples of a basictime unit, which may, for example, refer to a sampling period ofT_(s)=1/30,720,000 seconds. Time intervals of a communications resourcemay be organized according to radio frames each having a duration of 10milliseconds (ms), where the frame period may be expressed asT_(f)=307,200 T_(s). The radio frames may be identified by a systemframe number (SFN) ranging from 0 to 1023. Each frame may include 10subframes numbered from 0 to 9, and each subframe may have a duration of1 ms. A subframe may be further divided into 2 slots each having aduration of 0.5 ms, and each slot may contain 6 or 7 modulation symbolperiods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended toeach symbol period). Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period maycontain 2048 sampling periods. In some cases, a subframe may be thesmallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100, andmay be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In othercases, a smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system100 may be shorter than a subframe or may be dynamically selected (e.g.,in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) or in selected component carriersusing sTTIs).

In some wireless communications systems, a slot may further be dividedinto multiple mini-slots containing one or more symbols. In someinstances, a symbol of a mini-slot or a mini-slot may be the smallestunit of scheduling. Each symbol may vary in duration depending on thesubcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation, for example. Further,some wireless communications systems may implement slot aggregation inwhich multiple slots or mini-slots are aggregated together and used forcommunication between a UE 115 and a base station 105.

The term “carrier” refers to a set of radio frequency spectrum resourceshaving a defined physical layer structure for supporting communicationsover a communication link 125. For example, a carrier of a communicationlink 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band thatis operated according to physical layer channels for a given radioaccess technology. Each physical layer channel may carry user data,control information, or other signaling. A carrier may be associatedwith a pre-defined frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobiletelecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absoluteradio frequency channel number (EARFCN)), and may be positionedaccording to a channel raster for discovery by UEs 115. Carriers may bedownlink or uplink (e.g., in an FDD mode), or be configured to carrydownlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode). In someexamples, signal waveforms transmitted over a carrier may be made up ofmultiple sub-carriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM)techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) ordiscrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)).

The organizational structure of the carriers may be different fordifferent radio access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR).For example, communications over a carrier may be organized according toTTIs or slots, each of which may include user data as well as controlinformation or signaling to support decoding the user data. A carriermay also include dedicated acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronizationsignals or system information, etc.) and control signaling thatcoordinates operation for the carrier. In some examples (e.g., in acarrier aggregation configuration), a carrier may also have acquisitionsignaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for othercarriers.

Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to varioustechniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel maybe multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using time divisionmultiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM)techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. In some examples, controlinformation transmitted in a physical control channel may be distributedbetween different control regions in a cascaded manner (e.g., between acommon control region or common search space and one or more UE-specificcontrol regions or UE-specific search spaces).

A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the radiofrequency spectrum, and in some examples the carrier bandwidth may bereferred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wirelesscommunications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be oneof a number of predetermined bandwidths for carriers of a particularradio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 MHz). Insome examples, each served UE 115 may be configured for operating overportions or all of the carrier bandwidth. In other examples, some UEs115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol typethat is associated with a predefined portion or range (e.g., set ofsubcarriers or RBs) within a carrier (e.g., “in-band” deployment of anarrowband protocol type).

In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may consist ofone symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and onesubcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inverselyrelated. The number of bits carried by each resource element may dependon the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme).Thus, the more resource elements that a UE 115 receives and the higherthe order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate may be forthe UE 115. In MIMO systems, a wireless communications resource mayrefer to a combination of a radio frequency spectrum resource, a timeresource, and a spatial resource (e.g., spatial layers), and the use ofmultiple spatial layers may further increase the data rate forcommunications with a UE 115.

Devices of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., base stations105 or UEs 115) may have a hardware configuration that supportscommunications over a particular carrier bandwidth, or may beconfigurable to support communications over one of a set of carrierbandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 mayinclude base stations 105 and/or UEs 115 that support simultaneouscommunications via carriers associated with more than one differentcarrier bandwidth.

Wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE115 on multiple cells or carriers, a feature which may be referred to ascarrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may beconfigured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or moreuplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregationconfiguration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both FDD and TDDcomponent carriers.

In some cases, wireless communications system 100 may utilize enhancedcomponent carriers (eCCs). An eCC may be characterized by one or morefeatures including wider carrier or frequency channel bandwidth, shortersymbol duration, shorter TTI duration, or modified control channelconfiguration. In some cases, an eCC may be associated with a carrieraggregation configuration or a dual connectivity configuration (e.g.,when multiple serving cells have a suboptimal or non-ideal backhaullink). An eCC may also be configured for use in unlicensed spectrum orshared spectrum (e.g., where more than one operator is allowed to usethe spectrum). An eCC characterized by wide carrier bandwidth mayinclude one or more segments that may be utilized by UEs 115 that arenot capable of monitoring the whole carrier bandwidth or are otherwiseconfigured to use a limited carrier bandwidth (e.g., to conserve power).

In some cases, an eCC may utilize a different symbol duration than othercomponent carriers, which may include use of a reduced symbol durationas compared with symbol durations of the other component carriers. Ashorter symbol duration may be associated with increased spacing betweenadjacent subcarriers. A device, such as a UE 115 or base station 105,utilizing eCCs may transmit wideband signals (e.g., according tofrequency channel or carrier bandwidths of 20, 40, 60, 80 MHz, etc.) atreduced symbol durations (e.g., 16.67 microseconds). A TTI in eCC mayconsist of one or multiple symbol periods. In some cases, the TTIduration (that is, the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may bevariable.

Wireless communications system 100 may be an NR system that may utilizeany combination of licensed, shared, and unlicensed spectrum bands,among others. The flexibility of eCC symbol duration and subcarrierspacing may allow for the use of eCC across multiple spectrums. In someexamples, NR shared spectrum may increase spectrum utilization andspectral efficiency, specifically through dynamic vertical (e.g., acrossthe frequency domain) and horizontal (e.g., across the time domain)sharing of resources.

A UE 115 and a base station 105 may communicate using differentwaveforms for different beams based on channel characteristics of thebeams. The UE 115 and base station 105 may support beamformedcommunications using one or more different types of waveforms, such asOFDM waveforms and SC-FDM waveforms. The efficient waveform for datatransmissions may be based on channel characteristics, such as whetherthe channel has frequency selective fading. Therefore, whether datatransmissions are made using an SC-FDM waveform or an OFDM waveform maybe based on characteristics of the channel. Additionally, differentbeams of the base station 105 may have different channelcharacteristics, such as delay spread and frequency selectivity infading. For example, beams with a direct line-of-sight to the receivermay have flat fading, where beams which are not line-of-sight maygenerally have more frequency selective fading in flat fading.Therefore, a UE 115 and a base station 105 may communicate datatransmissions using different waveforms for different beams.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 200that supports per beam waveform selection in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. In some examples, wireless communications system200 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. Thewireless communications system may include base station 105-a and UE115-a, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described withrespect to FIG. 1. In some implementations, UE 115-a and base station105-a may operate in a mmW spectrum and/or using NR technologies.

UE 115-a and base station 105-a may communicate using beamformedtransmissions. For example, base station 105-a may directly communicatewith UE 115-a using one or more base station beams 205, and UE 115-a maydirectionally communicate using one or more UE beams 210. In oneexample, base station 105-a may directionally transmit toward UE 115-aon base station beams 205-a and 205-b, and UE 115-a may directionallymonitor for the transmissions using UE beams 210-a and 210-b. Each basestation beam 205 may be associated with a transmission configurationindicator (TCI) state. In some cases, each base station beam 205 mayhave a different TCI state. The TCI state for a base station beam 205may correspond to a synchronization signal block (SSB) which istransmitted on the base station beam 205.

In some cases, a base station beam 205 and a UE beam 210 maydirectionally point towards each other and be paired together forcommunications. UE 115-a may be configured with one or more beam pairlinks to communicate with base station 105-a. For example, UE beam 210-aand base station beam 205-a may be a first beam pair link, and UE beam210-b and base station beam 205-b may be a second beam pair link.

A wireless device in the wireless communications system 200 may transmitusing one or more waveforms. For example, the wireless communicationssystem may support both OFDM and SC-FDM waveforms for uplinktransmissions from UE 115-a. In some examples, SC-FDM may be referred toas DFT-spread-OFDM. Techniques for generating an OFDM waveform and anSC-FDM waveform are described with reference to FIG. 3.

In some cases, base station 105-a may configure the waveform used foruplink communications. For example, base station 105-a may configure thewaveform (e.g., between OFDM and SC-FDM) based on an RRC parameter. Whenconfiguring an RRC connection or updating the RRC connection, UE 115-amay utilize a waveform for uplink shared channel (e.g., PUSCH)communications as indicated in the received RRC parameter. The indicatedwaveform may be applied and used for uplink shared channel transmissionson any UE beam 210. In some cases, “transformprecodingenabled” may be anexample of the RRC parameter.

In some wireless communications systems, a base station 105 maygenerally transmit using just an OFDM waveform. Time domain signalsgenerated with an OFDM waveform generally have a high peak-to-averagepower ratio (PAPR). A large PAPR may lead to a large power backoff froma power amplifier at the transmitter, and may result in the transmitterusing a lower average transmission power (e.g., lower maximum averagetransmission power). However, for some higher frequency mmW bands, itmay be beneficial to use an SC-FDM waveform for downlink shared channeltransmission. Some power amplifiers may have a lower efficiency athigher frequencies, and SC-FDM waveforms may have a lower PAPR property.Some examples of higher frequency bands may be, for example, FrequencyRange 4 (FR4), or frequencies which exceed 52.6 Gigahertz.

SC-FDM waveforms may generally have a smaller PAPR, so when using thesame power amplifier, SC-FDM waveforms may have a larger average Txpower (e.g., as the SC-FDM waveform may not introduce the large powerbackoff). However, SC-FDM waveforms may have a higher implementationcomplexity. To generate a signal with an SC-FDM waveform, thetransmitter may perform a DFT (e.g., not performed for OFDM waveforms),and the receiver may perform an inverse discrete Fourier transform(IDFT). Additionally, SC-FDM may have a smaller channel capacity thanOFDM for frequency selective fading channels. However, SC-FDM and OFDMmay have the same capacity in a flat fading channel. The gap in channelcapacity may increase when the fading is more frequency selective. Asmaller channel capacity may lead to a larger error rate whentransmitting the same transport block at the same SNR. Additionally,when operating with a smaller channel capacity, a wireless device mayonly transmit a smaller transport block size or may transmit with alarger power if targeting the same error rate.

Therefore, SC-FDM may have some advantages over OFDM for a flat fadingchannel, even if SC-FDM is more complex. With the same power amplifier,signals with an SC-FDM waveform may also allow for a larger averagetransmission power and therefore larger SNR. The channel capacity forthe two waveforms may be the same at the same SNR, so SC-FDM may be ableto achieve a larger channel capacity since SC-FDM can have a larger SNR.For a frequency selective channel, some of the efficiencies of theSC-FDM waveform may diminish based on how frequency selective thechannel is. In some examples, even if SC-FDM can allow for a largertransmission power, the lower channel capacity may lead to a loss ofachievable rate in a very frequency selective fading channel. Also, asize of a configured bandwidth may impact which type of waveform toselect, as a smaller bandwidth may tend to experience flat fadingwhereas a larger bandwidth may experience frequency selecting fading.

Therefore, the efficient waveform for transmissions on a downlink sharedchannel may be based on the channel profile. Frequency selectivity infading may be determinable based on a delay spread of the beam pairlink. For a line-of-sight beam pair link, there may be few multi-pathtaps (e.g., which may introduce delay), so the fading may be flat infrequency. For non-line of sight links, there may be multiple taps, orsources of delay, which may lead to frequency-selective fading. As such,different beams may have different delay spreads and different frequencyselectivity in fading. For example, the first beam pair link with basestation beam 205-a and UE beam 210-a may be line-of-sight and thereforehave flat fading.

The second beam pair link with base station beam 205-b and UE beam 210-bmay have, for example, an obstruction 230 between UE 115-a and basestation 105-a, so the second beam pair link may not be line-of-sight andmay have frequency-selective fading.

In some cases, different beams may have different channelcharacteristics. Therefore, it may be efficient for different beams touse different waveforms. As described above, since base station beam205-b may have frequency-selective fading, base station 105-b may use anOFDMA waveform. Base station beam 205-a, having a line-of-sight to UE115-a, may have flat fading and therefore experience some advantages tousing an SC-FDM waveform. Techniques described herein support a UE 115to communicate with a base station 105 using two or more beam pairlinks, where at least two of the base station beams 205 use differentwaveforms.

In some cases, beams which correspond to different TCI states may usedifferent waveforms. For example, base station beam 205-a may correspondto a first TCI state and use an SC-FDM waveform 215, and base stationbeam 205-b may correspond to a second, different TCI state and use anOFDMA waveform 220. In some examples, different beams may correspond tobeams received by different UE panels or UE antenna arrays. For example,UE 115-a may receive a signal with a first waveform transmitted on afirst beam at a first UE panel. UE 115-a may also receive a signal witha second waveform transmitted on a second beam at a second UE panel. Thebase station beams 205 which are used to transmit signals which arereceived at different UE panels may be examples of different beams.

Additionally, or alternatively, beams from one transmission/receptionpoint (TRP) may all use a common waveform. In some cases, different TRPsmay be associated with different waveforms. Different TRPs may havedifferent distances to UE 115-a, which may result in different delayprofiles. Base station beam 205-a may be from a first TRP of basestation 105-a, and base station beam 205-b may be from a second TRP ofbase station 105-b. In some examples, beams associated with the firstTRP may use the SC-FDM waveform 215, and beams associated with thesecond TRP may use the OFDMA waveform 220. A TRP may, in some cases, bean example of a small cell controlled by base station 105-a. The TRPs ofbase station 105-a may be separate physical devices which may bedispersed within the wireless communications system 200 to improvecoverage.

In some cases, base station 105-a may use the same waveform for beams ina beam group. For example, each beam in a first beam group may use afirst waveform, and each beam in a second beam group may use a secondwaveform. For example, base station beam 205-a may be included in afirst beam group, where each base station beam 205 in the first beamgroup uses an SC-FDM waveform 215. In some cases, each beam which usesthe same UE transmit/receive filtering may share the same waveform. Insome cases, beams which are quasi co-located (QCL) together may use thesame waveform. For example, beams which share a transmission/receptionfilter may be QCLed of type D (e.g., and may use a same waveform).

Base station 105-a may transmit an indication to UE 115-a of whichwaveform is used for a beam or group of beams. Base station 105-a maydetermine the waveform for each beam based on measurements taken at basestation 105-a, based on feedback provided by served UEs 115 (e.g.,including UE 115-a), or both. For example, UE 115-a may transmitfeedback 225 to base station 105-a. The feedback 225 may include, forexample, measurements of delay spread and frequency selectivity perbeam. In some cases, UE 115-a may transmit an indication of itscapability (e.g., UE capability). The UE capability may be associatedwith a property of the power amplifier at UE 115-a. In some examples, UE115-a may indicate a recommendation of a waveform for each beam. Forexample, UE 115-a may transmit an indication which recommends to use anSC-FDM waveform 215 for base station beam 205-a and recommends to use anOFDMA waveform 220 for base station beam 205-b. The recommendation may,in some cases, be one bit per beam or per beam group, for example, wherea ‘0’ may indicate a suggestion to use the SC-FDM waveform 215 and a ‘1’may indicate a suggestion to use the OFDMA waveform 220, or vice versa.

FIG. 3 illustrates examples of waveform generation flows 300 and 301that support per beam waveform selection in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. In some examples, the waveform generation flows300 and 301 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100.

Waveform generation flow 300 may be an example of an OFDMA waveformgeneration flow. The waveform generation flow 300 may include an N-Sizeinverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) 305-a (e.g., an IDFT) which isperformed at the transmitter. The transmitter then transmits the signalwith the OFDMA waveform over wireless channel 320-a to a receiver. Todecode the signal with the OFDMA waveform, the receiver may perform NSize FFT 310-a (e.g., a DFT). The receiver may then perform channelequalization 315-a.

In comparison, the waveform generation flow 301 may have slightlyincreased complexity. To generate a signal with an SC-FDM waveform, thetransmitter may perform an M-Size DFT 325 before performing the N SizeIFFT 305-b. Performing the M-Size DFT 325 may result in a lower PAPR forthe signal with the SC-FDM waveform when compared to an OFDMA waveform.The transmitter may then send the signal with the SC-FDM waveform overwireless channel 320-b. The receiver may perform N-size FFT 310-b andchannel equalization 315-b. Then, the receiver may perform an M-sizeIDFT 330.

As described herein, in some cases a base station 105 may use twodifferent waveforms for downlink transmissions to a UE 115 on twodifferent beams. For example, a first beam of the base station 105 mayuse an OFDMA waveform as generated by the waveform generation flow 300.A second beam of the base station 105 may use an SC-FDM waveform asgenerated by the waveform generation flow 301.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of process flow 400 that supports per beamwaveform selection in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.In some examples, process flow 400 may implement aspects of wirelesscommunication system 100. The process flow 400 may include UE 115-b andbase station 105-b, which may be respective examples of a UE 115 and abase station 105 described with reference to FIG. 1.

In some cases, at 405, UE 115-b may transmit feedback information tobase station 105-b. The feedback information may be, for example, delayspread information per beam or capability information for UE 115-b. Insome cases, frequency selectivity may be determined based on delayspread. Therefore, in some cases, UE 115-b may identify frequencyselectivity for shared channels on each of the beams. UE 115-b may, insome cases, recommend a waveform for the one or more beams based onchannel characteristics of the one or more beams.

Base station 105-b may determine a first waveform for communicating viaa first beam and a second waveform for communicating via second beam. Insome cases, the first waveform and the second waveform may be determinedbased on the feedback from UE 115-b. For example, the waveforms may beselected based on frequency selectivity characteristics of sharedchannels communicated on the beams.

At 410, UE 115-b may receive, from base station 105-b, control signalingconfiguring UE 115-b to use the first waveform via the first beam and asecond waveform for communicating via the second beam, the firstwaveform being different than the second waveform. In an example, thefirst beam may have frequency selective fading, while the second beammay have flat fading. Therefore, the control signaling may configure UE115-a to use an OFDMA waveform for communicating data transmissions onthe first beam and to use an SC-FDM waveform for communicating datatransmissions on the second beam.

At 415, UE 115-a may communicate a first data transmission via the firstbeam using the first waveform. At 420, UE 115-a may communicate a seconddata transmission via the second beam using the second waveform. In somecases, the first data transmission and the second data transmission maybe communicated simultaneously. Or, in some cases, the first waveformand the second waveform may be configured at the same time, such that UE115-a is capable of communicating using the first waveform and thesecond waveform at the same time. Therefore, UE 115-a may not have to bereconfigured between using the first waveform and the second waveform.These techniques may support a UE 115, such as UE 115-b, to communicateusing an efficient waveform on a per-beam basis.

FIG. 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports per beamwaveform selection in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as describedherein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a communicationsmanager 515, and a transmitter 520. The device 505 may also include aprocessor. Each of these components may be in communication with oneanother (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 510 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to per beamwaveform selection, etc.). Information may be passed on to othercomponents of the device 505. The receiver 510 may be an example ofaspects of the transceiver 820 described with reference to FIG. 8. Thereceiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The communications manager 515 may receive, from a base station, controlsignaling configuring the UE to use a first waveform for communicatingvia a first beam and a second waveform for communicating via a secondbeam, the first waveform being different than the second waveform,communicate a first data transmission via the first beam using the firstwaveform, and communicate a second data transmission via the second beamusing the second waveform. The communications manager 515 may be anexample of aspects of the communications manager 810 described herein.

The communications manager 515, or its sub-components, may beimplemented in hardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by aprocessor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executedby a processor, the functions of the communications manager 515, or itssub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, anapplication-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a FPGA or otherprogrammable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discretehardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform thefunctions described in the present disclosure.

The communications manager 515, or its sub-components, may be physicallylocated at various positions, including being distributed such thatportions of functions are implemented at different physical locations byone or more physical components. In some examples, the communicationsmanager 515, or its sub-components, may be a separate and distinctcomponent in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.In some examples, the communications manager 515, or its sub-components,may be combined with one or more other hardware components, includingbut not limited to an input/output (I/O) component, a transceiver, anetwork server, another computing device, one or more other componentsdescribed in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

The actions performed by the communications manager 515 as describedherein may be implemented to realize one or more potential advantages.One implementation may allow a UE 115 to use an efficient waveform fordata transmissions. For example, if the data channel has flat channelfading, a base station 105 may transmit shared channel messages (e.g.,data messages) to the UE 115 using an SC-FDM waveform. The SC-FDMwaveform may have a lower PAPR than an OFDM waveform, which may lead toa higher average transmit power than an OFDMA waveform.

The transmitter 520 may transmit signals generated by other componentsof the device 505. In some examples, the transmitter 520 may becollocated with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 520 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 820described with reference to FIG. 8. The transmitter 520 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a device 605 that supports per beamwaveform selection in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.The device 605 may be an example of aspects of a device 505, or a UE 115as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, acommunications manager 615, and a transmitter 635. The device 605 mayalso include a processor. Each of these components may be incommunication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 610 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to per beamwaveform selection, etc.). Information may be passed on to othercomponents of the device 605. The receiver 610 may be an example ofaspects of the transceiver 820 described with reference to FIG. 8. Thereceiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The communications manager 615 may be an example of aspects of thecommunications manager 515 as described herein. The communicationsmanager 615 may include a waveform configuration component 620, a firstwaveform communication component 625, and a second waveformcommunication component 630. The communications manager 615 may be anexample of aspects of the communications manager 810 described herein.

The waveform configuration component 620 may receive, from a basestation, control signaling configuring the UE to use a first waveformfor communicating via a first beam and a second waveform forcommunicating via a second beam, the first waveform being different thanthe second waveform.

The first waveform communication component 625 may communicate a firstdata transmission via the first beam using the first waveform. Thesecond waveform communication component 630 may communicate a seconddata transmission via the second beam using the second waveform.

The transmitter 635 may transmit signals generated by other componentsof the device 605. In some examples, the transmitter 635 may becollocated with a receiver 610 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 635 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 820described with reference to FIG. 8. The transmitter 635 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a communications manager 705 thatsupports per beam waveform selection in accordance with aspects of thepresent disclosure. The communications manager 705 may be an example ofaspects of a communications manager 515, a communications manager 615,or a communications manager 810 described herein. The communicationsmanager 705 may include a waveform configuration component 710, a firstwaveform communication component 715, a second waveform communicationcomponent 720, and a feedback component 725. Each of these modules maycommunicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one ormore buses).

The waveform configuration component 710 may receive, from a basestation, control signaling configuring the UE to use a first waveformfor communicating via a first beam and a second waveform forcommunicating via a second beam, the first waveform being different thanthe second waveform.

In some examples, the waveform configuration component 710 may receivethe control signaling that indicates a first TCI state for the firstbeam and a second TCI state for the second beam. In some cases, thecontrol signaling is downlink control information, radio resourcecontrol signaling, a MAC CE, or any combination thereof. In some cases,the UE concurrently communicates the first data transmission via thefirst beam and the second data transmission via the second beam. In somecases, the first waveform is a orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing waveform or a single carrier frequency divisionmultiplexing waveform. In some cases, the second waveform is aorthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform or a single carrierfrequency division multiplexing waveform.

The first waveform communication component 715 may communicate a firstdata transmission via the first beam using the first waveform. In someexamples, the first waveform communication component 715 may communicateusing the first waveform via a first beam group including a first set ofbeams. In some examples, the first waveform communication component 715may receive, via a first antenna panel of the UE, the first datatransmission via the first beam using the first waveform, where thesecond data transmission is received via a second antenna panel of theUE that differs from the first antenna panel.

The second waveform communication component 720 may communicate a seconddata transmission via the second beam using the second waveform. In someexamples, the second waveform communication component 720 maycommunicate using the second waveform via a second beam group includinga second set of beams.

In some examples, the second waveform communication component 720 mayreceive, from the base station, a configuration for the first beam groupand the second beam group. In some cases, each beam associated with aTRP of the base station is associated with either the first waveform andthe first beam group or the second waveform and the second beam group.In some cases, each beam associated with an antenna panel at the UE areassociated with either the first waveform and the first beam group orthe second waveform and the second beam group. In some cases, each beamassociated with a transmission/reception spatial filter at the UE areassociated with either the first waveform and the first beam group orthe second waveform and the second beam group.

The feedback component 725 may transmit feedback information to the basestation, where the control signaling is received based on the feedbackinformation. In some examples, the feedback component 725 may transmitthe feedback information that indicates a delay spread measurement, afrequency selectivity per beam parameter, a UE capability, a poweramplifier capability, a waveform recommendation, or any combinationthereof.

FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 thatsupports per beam waveform selection in accordance with aspects of thepresent disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of or include thecomponents of device 505, device 605, or a UE 115 as described herein.The device 805 may include components for bi-directional voice and datacommunications including components for transmitting and receivingcommunications, including a communications manager 810, an I/Ocontroller 815, a transceiver 820, an antenna 825, memory 830, and aprocessor 840. These components may be in electronic communication viaone or more buses (e.g., bus 845).

The communications manager 810 may receive, from a base station, controlsignaling configuring the UE to use a first waveform for communicatingvia a first beam and a second waveform for communicating via a secondbeam, the first waveform being different than the second waveform,communicate a first data transmission via the first beam using the firstwaveform, and communicate a second data transmission via the second beamusing the second waveform.

The I/O controller 815 may manage input and output signals for thedevice 805. The I/O controller 815 may also manage peripherals notintegrated into the device 805. In some cases, the I/O controller 815may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral.In some cases, the I/O controller 815 may utilize an operating systemsuch as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS/2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, oranother known operating system. In other cases, the I/O controller 815may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, atouchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I/O controller 815may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user mayinteract with the device 805 via the I/O controller 815 or via hardwarecomponents controlled by the I/O controller 815.

The transceiver 820 may communicate bi-directionally, via one or moreantennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, thetransceiver 820 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicatebi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 820may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide themodulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulatepackets received from the antennas.

In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 825.However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna 825,which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiplewireless transmissions.

The memory 830 may include RAM and ROM. The memory 830 may storecomputer-readable, computer-executable code 835 including instructionsthat, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functionsdescribed herein. In some cases, the memory 830 may contain, among otherthings, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operationsuch as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

The processor 840 may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., ageneral-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, anFPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logiccomponent, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof).In some cases, the processor 840 may be configured to operate a memoryarray using a memory controller. In other cases, a memory controller maybe integrated into the processor 840. The processor 840 may beconfigured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory(e.g., the memory 830) to cause the device 805 to perform variousfunctions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting per beam waveformselection).

The code 835 may include instructions to implement aspects of thepresent disclosure, including instructions to support wirelesscommunications. The code 835 may be stored in a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory.In some cases, the code 835 may not be directly executable by theprocessor 840 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled andexecuted) to perform functions described herein.

FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports per beamwaveform selection in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a base station 105 asdescribed herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, acommunications manager 915, and a transmitter 920. The device 905 mayalso include a processor. Each of these components may be incommunication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 910 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to per beamwaveform selection, etc.). Information may be passed on to othercomponents of the device 905. The receiver 910 may be an example ofaspects of the transceiver 1220 described with reference to FIG. 12. Thereceiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The communications manager 915 may transmit control signaling toconfigure a UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a firstbeam and a second waveform for communicating via a second beam, thefirst waveform being different than the second waveform, communicate afirst data transmission via the first beam using the first waveform, andcommunicate a second data transmission via the second beam using thesecond waveform. The communications manager 915 may be an example ofaspects of the communications manager 1210 described herein.

The communications manager 915, or its sub-components, may beimplemented in hardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by aprocessor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executedby a processor, the functions of the communications manager 915, or itssub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, anapplication-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a FPGA or otherprogrammable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discretehardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform thefunctions described in the present disclosure.

The communications manager 915, or its sub-components, may be physicallylocated at various positions, including being distributed such thatportions of functions are implemented at different physical locations byone or more physical components. In some examples, the communicationsmanager 915, or its sub-components, may be a separate and distinctcomponent in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.In some examples, the communications manager 915, or its sub-components,may be combined with one or more other hardware components, includingbut not limited to an input/output (I/O) component, a transceiver, anetwork server, another computing device, one or more other componentsdescribed in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

The transmitter 920 may transmit signals generated by other componentsof the device 905. In some examples, the transmitter 920 may becollocated with a receiver 910 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 920 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1220described with reference to FIG. 12. The transmitter 920 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a device 1005 that supports perbeam waveform selection in accordance with aspects of the presentdisclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of aspects of a device905, or a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1005 mayinclude a receiver 1010, a communications manager 1015, and atransmitter 1035. The device 1005 may also include a processor. Each ofthese components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via oneor more buses).

The receiver 1010 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to per beamwaveform selection, etc.). Information may be passed on to othercomponents of the device 1005. The receiver 1010 may be an example ofaspects of the transceiver 1220 described with reference to FIG. 12. Thereceiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The communications manager 1015 may be an example of aspects of thecommunications manager 915 as described herein. The communicationsmanager 1015 may include a waveform configuring component 1020, a firstwaveform communicating component 1025, and a second waveformcommunicating component 1030. The communications manager 1015 may be anexample of aspects of the communications manager 1210 described herein.

The waveform configuring component 1020 may transmit control signalingto configure a UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a firstbeam and a second waveform for communicating via a second beam, thefirst waveform being different than the second waveform. The firstwaveform communicating component 1025 may communicate a first datatransmission via the first beam using the first waveform. The secondwaveform communicating component 1030 may communicate a second datatransmission via the second beam using the second waveform.

The transmitter 1035 may transmit signals generated by other componentsof the device 1005. In some examples, the transmitter 1035 may becollocated with a receiver 1010 in a transceiver module. For example,the transmitter 1035 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver1220 described with reference to FIG. 12. The transmitter 1035 mayutilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 11 shows a block diagram 1100 of a communications manager 1105 thatsupports per beam waveform selection in accordance with aspects of thepresent disclosure. The communications manager 1105 may be an example ofaspects of a communications manager 915, a communications manager 1015,or a communications manager 1210 described herein. The communicationsmanager 1105 may include a waveform configuring component 1110, a firstwaveform communicating component 1115, a second waveform communicatingcomponent 1120, and a feedback receiving component 1125. Each of thesemodules may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g.,via one or more buses).

The waveform configuring component 1110 may transmit control signalingto configure a UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a firstbeam and a second waveform for communicating via a second beam, thefirst waveform being different than the second waveform. In someexamples, the waveform configuring component 1110 may transmit thecontrol signaling that indicates a first TCI state for the first beamand a second TCI state for the second beam.

In some cases, the base station concurrently communicates the first datatransmission via the first beam and the second data transmission via thesecond beam. In some cases, the control signaling is downlink controlinformation, radio resource control signaling, a MAC CE, or anycombination thereof. In some cases, the first waveform is a orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing waveform or a single carrier frequencydivision multiplexing waveform. In some cases, the second waveform is aorthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform or a single carrierfrequency division multiplexing waveform.

The first waveform communicating component 1115 may communicate a firstdata transmission via the first beam using the first waveform. In someexamples, the first waveform communicating component 1115 maycommunicate using the first waveform via a first beam group including afirst set of beams.

The second waveform communicating component 1120 may communicate asecond data transmission via the second beam using the second waveform.In some examples, the second waveform communicating component 1120 maycommunicate using the second waveform via a second beam group includinga second set of beams.

In some examples, the second waveform communicating component 1120 maytransmit, to the UE, a configuration for the first beam group and thesecond beam group. In some cases, each beam associated with a TRP of thebase station is associated with either the first waveform and the firstbeam group or the second waveform and the second beam group. In somecases, each beam associated with an antenna panel at the UE areassociated with either the first waveform and the first beam group orthe second waveform and the second beam group. In some cases, each beamassociated with a transmission/reception spatial filter at the UE areassociated with either the first waveform and the first beam group orthe second waveform and the second beam group.

The feedback receiving component 1125 may receive feedback informationfrom the UE, where the control signaling is transmitted based on thefeedback information. In some examples, the feedback receiving component1125 may receive the feedback information that indicates a delay spreadmeasurement, a frequency selectivity per beam parameter, a UEcapability, a power amplifier capability, a waveform recommendation, orany combination thereof.

FIG. 12 shows a diagram of a system 1200 including a device 1205 thatsupports per beam waveform selection in accordance with aspects of thepresent disclosure. The device 1205 may be an example of or include thecomponents of device 905, device 1005, or a base station 105 asdescribed herein. The device 1205 may include components forbi-directional voice and data communications including components fortransmitting and receiving communications, including a communicationsmanager 1210, a network communications manager 1215, a transceiver 1220,an antenna 1225, memory 1230, a processor 1240, and an inter-stationcommunications manager 1245. These components may be in electroniccommunication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1250).

The communications manager 1210 may transmit control signaling toconfigure a UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a firstbeam and a second waveform for communicating via a second beam, thefirst waveform being different than the second waveform, communicate afirst data transmission via the first beam using the first waveform, andcommunicate a second data transmission via the second beam using thesecond waveform.

The network communications manager 1215 may manage communications withthe core network (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). Forexample, the network communications manager 1215 may manage the transferof data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115.

The transceiver 1220 may communicate bi-directionally, via one or moreantennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, thetransceiver 1220 may represent a wireless transceiver and maycommunicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. Thetransceiver 1220 may also include a modem to modulate the packets andprovide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and todemodulate packets received from the antennas.

In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 1225.However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna 1225,which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiplewireless transmissions.

The memory 1230 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Thememory 1230 may store computer-readable code 1235 including instructionsthat, when executed by a processor (e.g., the processor 1240) cause thedevice to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, thememory 1230 may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may controlbasic hardware or software operation such as the interaction withperipheral components or devices.

The processor 1240 may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., ageneral-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, anFPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logiccomponent, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof).In some cases, the processor 1240 may be configured to operate a memoryarray using a memory controller. In some cases, a memory controller maybe integrated into processor 1240. The processor 1240 may be configuredto execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., thememory 1230) to cause the device 1205 to perform various functions(e.g., functions or tasks supporting per beam waveform selection).

The inter-station communications manager 1245 may manage communicationswith other base station 105, and may include a controller or schedulerfor controlling communications with UEs 115 in cooperation with otherbase stations 105. For example, the inter-station communications manager1245 may coordinate scheduling for transmissions to UEs 115 for variousinterference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or jointtransmission. In some examples, the inter-station communications manager1245 may provide an X2 interface within an LTE/LTE-A wirelesscommunication network technology to provide communication between basestations 105.

The actions performed by the communications manager 1210 as describedherein may be implemented to realize one or more potential advantages atcomponents of the device 1205. For example, by supporting differentwaveforms for data transmissions on different beams, the processor 1240may configure a power amplifier to perform fewer power backoffs whentransmitting the downlink data transmissions. This may improve powerefficiencies at the device.

The code 1235 may include instructions to implement aspects of thepresent disclosure, including instructions to support wirelesscommunications. The code 1235 may be stored in a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory.In some cases, the code 1235 may not be directly executable by theprocessor 1240 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled andexecuted) to perform functions described herein.

FIG. 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 that supports perbeam waveform selection in accordance with aspects of the presentdisclosure. The operations of method 1300 may be implemented by a UE 115or its components as described herein. For example, the operations ofmethod 1300 may be performed by a communications manager as describedwith reference to FIGS. 5 through 8. In some examples, a UE may executea set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE toperform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, aUE may perform aspects of the functions described below usingspecial-purpose hardware.

At 1305, the UE may receive, from a base station, control signalingconfiguring the UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a firstbeam and a second waveform for communicating via a second beam, thefirst waveform being different than the second waveform. The operationsof 1305 may be performed according to the methods described herein. Insome examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by awaveform configuration component as described with reference to FIGS. 5through 8.

At 1310, the UE may communicate a first data transmission via the firstbeam using the first waveform. The operations of 1310 may be performedaccording to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects ofthe operations of 1310 may be performed by a first waveformcommunication component as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through8.

At 1315, the UE may communicate a second data transmission via thesecond beam using the second waveform. The operations of 1315 may beperformed according to the methods described herein. In some examples,aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a second waveformcommunication component as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through8.

FIG. 14 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 that supports perbeam waveform selection in accordance with aspects of the presentdisclosure. The operations of method 1400 may be implemented by a UE 115or its components as described herein. For example, the operations ofmethod 1400 may be performed by a communications manager as describedwith reference to FIGS. 5 through 8. In some examples, a UE may executea set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE toperform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, aUE may perform aspects of the functions described below usingspecial-purpose hardware.

At 1405, the UE may transmit feedback information to the base station,where the control signaling is received based on the feedbackinformation. The operations of 1405 may be performed according to themethods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1405 may be performed by a feedback component as described withreference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1410, the UE may receive, from a base station, control signalingconfiguring the UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a firstbeam and a second waveform for communicating via a second beam, thefirst waveform being different than the second waveform. The operationsof 1410 may be performed according to the methods described herein. Insome examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by awaveform configuration component as described with reference to FIGS. 5through 8.

At 1415, the UE may communicate a first data transmission via the firstbeam using the first waveform. The operations of 1415 may be performedaccording to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects ofthe operations of 1415 may be performed by a first waveformcommunication component as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through8.

At 1420, the UE may communicate a second data transmission via thesecond beam using the second waveform. The operations of 1420 may beperformed according to the methods described herein. In some examples,aspects of the operations of 1420 may be performed by a second waveformcommunication component as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through8.

FIG. 15 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1500 that supports perbeam waveform selection in accordance with aspects of the presentdisclosure. The operations of method 1500 may be implemented by a basestation 105 or its components as described herein. For example, theoperations of method 1500 may be performed by a communications manageras described with reference to FIGS. 9 through 12. In some examples, abase station may execute a set of instructions to control the functionalelements of the base station to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, a base station may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1505, the base station may transmit control signaling to configure aUE to use a first waveform for communicating via a first beam and asecond waveform for communicating via a second beam, the first waveformbeing different than the second waveform. The operations of 1505 may beperformed according to the methods described herein. In some examples,aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed by a waveformconfiguring component as described with reference to FIGS. 9 through 12.

At 1510, the base station may communicate a first data transmission viathe first beam using the first waveform. The operations of 1510 may beperformed according to the methods described herein. In some examples,aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed by a first waveformcommunicating component as described with reference to FIGS. 9 through12.

At 1515, the base station may communicate a second data transmission viathe second beam using the second waveform. The operations of 1515 may beperformed according to the methods described herein. In some examples,aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed by a second waveformcommunicating component as described with reference to FIGS. 9 through12.

It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possibleimplementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearrangedor otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

Techniques described herein may be used for various wirelesscommunications systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA),time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access(FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), singlecarrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and other systems.A CDMA system may implement a radio technology such as CDMA2000,Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), etc. CDMA2000 covers IS-2000,IS-95, and IS-856 standards. IS-2000 Releases may be commonly referredto as CDMA2000 1×, 1X, etc. IS-856 (TIA-856) is commonly referred to asCDMA2000 1×EV-DO, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), etc. UTRA includesWideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. A TDMA system mayimplement a radio technology such as Global System for MobileCommunications (GSM).

An OFDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Ultra MobileBroadband (UMB), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE802.20, Flash-OFDM, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS). LTE, LTE-A, and LTE-A Pro are releasesof UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR,and GSM are described in documents from the organization named “3rdGeneration Partnership Project” (3GPP). CDMA2000 and UMB are describedin documents from an organization named “3rd Generation PartnershipProject 2” (3GPP2). The techniques described herein may be used for thesystems and radio technologies mentioned herein as well as other systemsand radio technologies. While aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NRsystem may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-APro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, thetechniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro,or NR applications.

A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g.,several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEswith service subscriptions with the network provider. A small cell maybe associated with a lower-powered base station, as compared with amacro cell, and a small cell may operate in the same or different (e.g.,licensed, unlicensed, etc.) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cellsmay include pico cells, femto cells, and micro cells according tovarious examples. A pico cell, for example, may cover a small geographicarea and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptionswith the network provider. A femto cell may also cover a smallgeographic area (e.g., a home) and may provide restricted access by UEshaving an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closedsubscriber group (CSG), UEs for users in the home, and the like). An eNBfor a macro cell may be referred to as a macro eNB. An eNB for a smallcell may be referred to as a small cell eNB, a pico eNB, a femto eNB, ora home eNB. An eNB may support one or multiple (e.g., two, three, four,and the like) cells, and may also support communications using one ormultiple component carriers.

The wireless communications systems described herein may supportsynchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, thebase stations may have similar frame timing, and transmissions fromdifferent base stations may be approximately aligned in time. Forasynchronous operation, the base stations may have different frametiming, and transmissions from different base stations may not bealigned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for eithersynchronous or asynchronous operations.

Information and signals described herein may be represented using any ofa variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data,instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chipsthat may be referenced throughout the description may be represented byvoltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles,optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

The various illustrative blocks and modules described in connection withthe disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with ageneral-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA, or otherprogrammable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discretehardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform thefunctions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be amicroprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be anyconventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. Aprocessor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices(e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiplemicroprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSPcore, or any other such configuration).

The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, softwareexecuted by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. Ifimplemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may bestored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on acomputer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are withinthe scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to thenature of software, functions described herein can be implemented usingsoftware executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, orcombinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may alsobe physically located at various positions, including being distributedsuch that portions of functions are implemented at different physicallocations.

Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storagemedia and communication media including any medium that facilitatestransfer of a computer program from one place to another. Anon-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that can beaccessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way ofexample, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media mayinclude random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electricallyerasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROMor other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magneticstorage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used tocarry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions ordata structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose orspecial-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purposeprocessor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readablemedium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website,server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable,twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologiessuch as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiberoptic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such asinfrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium.Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc,digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disksusually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce dataoptically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also includedwithin the scope of computer-readable media.

As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items(e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or“one or more of”) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, alist of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BCor ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “basedon” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions.For example, an exemplary step that is described as “based on conditionA” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B withoutdeparting from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, asused herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manneras the phrase “based at least in part on.”

In the appended figures, similar components or features may have thesame reference label. Further, various components of the same type maybe distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a secondlabel that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the firstreference label is used in the specification, the description isapplicable to any one of the similar components having the same firstreference label irrespective of the second reference label, or othersubsequent reference label.

The description set forth herein, in connection with the appendeddrawings, describes example configurations and does not represent allthe examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of theclaims. The term “exemplary” used herein means “serving as an example,instance, or illustration,” and not “preferred” or “advantageous overother examples.” The detailed description includes specific details forthe purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques.These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specificdetails. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shownin block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of thedescribed examples.

The description herein is provided to enable a person skilled in the artto make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosurewill be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the genericprinciples defined herein may be applied to other variations withoutdeparting from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is notlimited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to beaccorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novelfeatures disclosed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for wireless communications by a userequipment (UE), comprising: receiving, from a base station, controlsignaling configuring the UE to use a first waveform for communicatingvia a first beam group comprising a first plurality of beams and asecond waveform for communicating via a second beam group comprising asecond plurality of beams, the first waveform being different than thesecond waveform; receiving, via a first antenna panel of the UE, a firstdata transmission via a first beam of the first plurality of beams usingthe first waveform; and receiving, via a second antenna panel of the UE,a second data transmission via a second beam of the second plurality ofbeams using the second waveform, wherein the second antenna paneldiffers from the first antenna panel.
 2. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: receiving, from the base station, a configuration for thefirst beam group and the second beam group.
 3. The method of claim 1,wherein each beam associated with a transmission reception point (TRP)of the base station is associated with either the first waveform and thefirst beam group or the second waveform and the second beam group. 4.The method of claim 1, wherein each beam associated with an antennapanel at the UE are associated with either the first waveform and thefirst beam group or the second waveform and the second beam group. 5.The method of claim 1, wherein each beam associated with atransmission/reception spatial filter at the UE are associated witheither the first waveform and the first beam group or the secondwaveform and the second beam group.
 6. The method of claim 1, whereinreceiving the control signaling comprises: receiving the controlsignaling that indicates a first transmission configuration indicator(TCI) state for the first beam and a second TCI state for the secondbeam.
 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: transmittingfeedback information to the base station, wherein the control signalingis received based at least in part on the feedback information.
 8. Themethod of claim 7, wherein transmitting the feedback informationcomprises: transmitting the feedback information that indicates a delayspread measurement, a frequency selectivity per beam parameter, a UEcapability, a power amplifier capability, a waveform recommendation, orany combination thereof.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the controlsignaling is downlink control information, radio resource controlsignaling, a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE), or anycombination thereof.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the UEconcurrently receives the first data transmission via the first beam andthe second data transmission via the second beam.
 11. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the first waveform is a orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing waveform or a single carrier frequency divisionmultiplexing waveform.
 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the secondwaveform is a orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform or asingle carrier frequency division multiplexing waveform.
 13. A methodfor wireless communications by a base station, comprising: transmittingcontrol signaling to configure a user equipment (UE) to use a firstwaveform for communicating via a first beam group comprising a firstplurality of beams and a second waveform for communicating via a secondbeam group comprising a second plurality of beams, the first waveformbeing different than the second waveform, wherein each beam associatedwith a transmission reception point (TRP) of the base station isassociated with either the first waveform and the first beam group orthe second waveform and the second beam group; communicating a firstdata transmission via a first beam of the first plurality of beams usingthe first waveform; and communicating a second data transmission via asecond beam of the second plurality of beams using the second waveform.14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: transmitting, to the UE,a configuration for the first beam group and the second beam group. 15.The method of claim 13, wherein each beam associated with an antennapanel at the UE are associated with either the first waveform and thefirst beam group or the second waveform and the second beam group. 16.The method of claim 13, wherein each beam associated with atransmission/reception spatial filter at the UE are associated witheither the first waveform and the first beam group or the secondwaveform and the second beam group.
 17. The method of claim 13, whereintransmitting the control signaling comprises: transmitting the controlsignaling that indicates a first transmission configuration indicator(TCI) state for the first beam and a second TCI state for the secondbeam.
 18. The method of claim 13, wherein the base station concurrentlycommunicates the first data transmission via the first beam and thesecond data transmission via the second beam.
 19. The method of claim13, further comprising: receiving feedback information from the UE,wherein the control signaling is transmitted based at least in part onthe feedback information.
 20. The method of claim 19, wherein receivingthe feedback information comprises: receiving the feedback informationthat indicates a delay spread measurement, a frequency selectivity perbeam parameter, a UE capability, a power amplifier capability, awaveform recommendation, or any combination thereof.
 21. The method ofclaim 13, wherein the control signaling is downlink control information,radio resource control signaling, a medium access control (MAC) controlelement (CE), or any combination thereof.
 22. The method of claim 13,wherein the first waveform is a orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing waveform or a single carrier frequency divisionmultiplexing waveform.
 23. The method of claim 13, wherein the secondwaveform is a orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform or asingle carrier frequency division multiplexing waveform.
 24. Anapparatus for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE),comprising: a processor, memory coupled with the processor; andinstructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor tocause the apparatus to: receive, from a base station, control signalingconfiguring the UE to use a first waveform for communicating via a firstbeam group comprising a first plurality of beams and a second waveformfor communicating via a second beam group comprising a second pluralityof beams, the first waveform being different than the second waveform;receive, via a first antenna panel of the UE, a first data transmissionvia a first beam of the first plurality of beams using the firstwaveform; and receive, via a second antenna panel of the UE, a seconddata transmission via a second beam of the second plurality of beamsusing the second waveform, wherein the second antenna panel differs fromthe first antenna panel.
 25. An apparatus for wireless communications bya base station, comprising: a processor, memory coupled with theprocessor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by theprocessor to cause the apparatus to: transmit control signaling toconfigure a user equipment (UE) to use a first waveform forcommunicating via a first beam group comprising a first plurality ofbeams and a second waveform for communicating via a second beam groupcomprising a second plurality of beams, the first waveform beingdifferent than the second waveform, wherein each beam associated with atransmission reception point (TRP) of the base station is associatedwith either the first waveform and the first beam group or the secondwaveform and the second beam group; communicate a first datatransmission via a first beam of the first plurality of beams using thefirst waveform; and communicate a second data transmission via a secondbeam of the second plurality of beams using the second waveform.